<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" version="2.0"><channel><title>沈阳佳美机械制造有限公司</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/</link><description>专业气流粉碎机、气流分级机、气流输送、粉体球化设备及粉体工程优质供应商！</description><item><title>氮化硅，氧化铝，氧化锆陶瓷结构件的对比</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1663.html</link><description>&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;一、核心定位一句话区分&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;99 高纯氧化铝 Al₂O₃&lt;/span&gt;：通用耐磨绝缘陶瓷，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;硬度高、便宜、耐高温，但韧性差、怕急冷急热、不耐冲击&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;3Y 稳定氧化锆 ZrO₂（3Y‑TZP）&lt;/span&gt;：相变增韧陶瓷，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;常温韧性最强、抛光镜面好；密度大、导热差，水汽环境存在 LTD 低温老化隐患，高温性能下滑&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气压烧结氮化硅 Si₃N₄&lt;/span&gt;：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;高速动态结构陶瓷综合最优&lt;/span&gt;；低密度、低热膨胀、抗热震突出、高温强度保留好，无 LTD 老化；短板是单点撞击易崩边、价格最高&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;二、关键性能汇总表（工程常用指标）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num t d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;表格&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot;firstRow&quot;&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;项目&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;99 氧化铝 Al₂O₃&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;3Y‑TZP 氧化锆&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;气压烧结氮化硅 Si₃N₄&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;密度 g/cm³&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;3.9&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;5.9~6.1&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;3.2~3.3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;维氏硬度 HV&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;1400～1600&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;1100～1350&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;1500～1800&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;断裂韧性 MPa・m¹/²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;3.5～4.2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;9～12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;6～8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;抗弯强度 MPa&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;330～380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;900～1200&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;700～1000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;热膨胀系数 ×10⁻⁶/K&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;8.4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;9.8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;3.2&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;热导率 W/(m・K)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;25～30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;2～4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;20～30&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;空气中长期使用温度&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;≤1600℃&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;≤1000℃（超过韧性大幅下降）&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;≤1200℃&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;抗热震性&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;一般，温差＞200℃易裂&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;中等，不适合频繁剧烈冷热交变&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;优秀，冷热急变不易开裂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;致命弱点&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;脆性大，磕碰崩角；对微小缺陷敏感&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;密度大，高速离心载荷高；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;水汽 + 80–300℃长期 LTD 老化掉屑&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;单点硬物撞击容易崩边&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;绝缘性能&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;极佳&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;良好&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;良好&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;抛光能力&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;可高光，但细微划痕难消除&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;镜面抛光最好，光洁度容易做到 Ra0.025&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;可以镜面抛光，加工难度大&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;成本对比&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;低&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;中高&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;最高&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;三、优缺点详细解析&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;✅氧化铝（99 瓷）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;优点&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;原料成熟，价格最低，可做大件；耐高温、化学稳定性好；绝缘优异&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;硬度高，静态耐磨尚可&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;缺点&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;韧性最低，属于典型脆性材料，冲击、交变载荷、装配应力下极易崩裂&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;热膨胀大，抗热震差，启停温差大容易产生热裂纹&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;高速旋转件转动惯量高于氮化硅，不如氮化硅适合超高转速&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;适用&lt;/span&gt;：静态耐磨衬套、绝缘件、喷嘴、中低速、温差稳定、无剧烈冲击，预算有限的工况；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;不适合高速气流磨分级轮&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;✅3Y‑TZP 氧化锆&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;优点&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;室温断裂韧性三者第一，磕碰抵抗能力最强&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;抛光质感最好，镜面光洁度容易实现，粉体不易附着&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;常温抗弯强度很高&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;缺点&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;密度最大，高速件离心应力大，轴承负载明显增加，极限转速受限&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;导热极差，摩擦产生热量堆积，局部过热产生热裂纹&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;LTD 低温水热老化&lt;/span&gt;：设备含湿气、80–300℃长期连续运行，表面逐渐出现微裂纹、剥落掉渣，污染高纯粉体，破坏动平衡，是连续量产最大风险&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;温度＞500℃后增韧效果明显衰减&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;适用&lt;/span&gt;：常温、干燥间歇生产、中低速、容易进大块杂质、需要镜面密封；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;连续高速带水汽的超细分级慎用&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;✅气压烧结氮化硅 Si₃N₄（气流磨分级轮首选，不计成本）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;优点&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;密度最轻，转动惯量小，同等结构允许更高线速度，轴承负荷小，动平衡稳定性强&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;热膨胀很小、抗热震优异，设备频繁启停、温度波动大不易开裂&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;不存在氧化锆的 LTD 老化，潮湿气流环境长期稳定，不会缓慢掉屑污染粉体&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;高温强度保持好，自润滑特性好，粉体冲蚀磨损寿命长&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;缺点&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;单点猛烈硬物撞击容易崩边（韧性弱于氧化锆），进料必须前置除大块杂质&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;烧结工艺复杂，金刚石磨削加工难度大，成本最高&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;适用&lt;/span&gt;：高速超细分级、24h 连续量产、含湿气、冷热交变、锂电 / 陶瓷高纯粉体、硬质磨蚀粉料&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;四、针对气流磨陶瓷分级轮选型（你最关心的场景）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;高速、连续量产、含水汽、冷热波动、高纯粉体、追求长期粒度稳定 → 氮化硅（首选）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;中低速、间歇干燥工况、经常有大块硬颗粒撞击叶片、最担心崩碎、镜面要求极高 → 氧化锆&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;预算受限、中低速、无剧烈冲击、普通粉体、对杂质要求不极致 → 氧化铝&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;重要提醒：氧化铝不建议用于高端高速超细分级轮，脆性和热震短板容易出现叶片断裂故障；氧化锆最大隐患是长期湿热老化，只适合干燥间歇工况。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;五、一句话选型口诀&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;静态耐磨、绝缘、高温稳定、控制成本：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氧化铝&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;常温干燥、抗磕碰、镜面抛光、中低速间歇使用：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氧化锆&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;高速旋转、连续生产、冷热交变、潮湿环境、高纯粉体、长期稳定可靠（不计成本）：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氮化硅&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Fri, 04 Sep 2026 16:48:29 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>3D打印用金属粉末的制备技术</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1662.html</link><description>&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;2021年5月，金属粉末3D打印技术被正式纳入国家“十四五”重点研发计划。随着3D打印技术的迅速发展，制备高质量低成本3D打印用金属粉末的技术受到国内外研究者的高度关注。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2021/07/07/154450_260173_newsimg_news.jpg&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;图片来源：Pixabay&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;3D打印金属粉末要具备良好的可塑性，满足粉末纯净度高、氧含量低、粒径细小、粒度分布较窄、球形度高、流动性好和松装密度高等要求。目前，3Ｄ打印用金属粉末制备方法主要包括电极感应雾化法（EIGA）、等离子旋转电极雾化法（PREP）、等离子球化法（PA）、真空感应熔炼气体雾化（VIGA）法及水雾化法等，相比较而言，EIGA法、PREP法、PA法制备粉末应用更为广泛。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;1 电极感应雾化（EIGA）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;电极感应雾化因采用无坩埚感应熔炼技术进行制粉，有效保证了原材料的干洁度，避免了金属粉末中夹杂物及熔炼过程造成的污染问题。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;以EIGA法制备TC4合金粉末为例，粒径分布主要在１～180μｍ范围，EIGA法制备粉末主要为球形和近球形粉末，通过调整功率等工艺参数，细粉收得率可高达到82％，粉末球形度高达99％，满足激光3Ｄ打印对粉末粒径的要求；此外，EIGA法制备金属粉末通常效率高、能耗较低，但感应线圈对电极尺寸的限制制约了大直径电极材料雾化技术的发展，同时熔炼时电极的偏析会一定程度上造成合金粉末成分不均，制备粉末时“伞效应”会导致粉末整体粒径分布较宽，颗粒存在较多的“卫星粉”、异形粉和空心粉，进而导致粉末流动性下降，松装密度及振实密度较低，此外，EIGA法制备粉末还普遍存在易粘结、孔隙率高等问题。图1为EIGA法制备TC4合金粉末SEM照片及粉末粒径分布图。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2021/07/07/154521_446503_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;图1 图片来源：钢铁研究学报&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;2 等离子旋转电极雾化法（PREP）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;旋转电极法是以金属或合金为自耗电极，其端面受电弧加热而熔融为液体，并在电极高速旋转的离心力的作用下，将液体抛出并粉碎为细小液滴，其原理结构如图2所示。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2021/07/07/154538_071136_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;图2  旋转电极工艺原理图&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;PREP法是基于熔滴在高速旋转时的离心力作用，在惰性气氛中因表面张力作用形成球形颗粒，在钛及钛合金、铁基、镍基合金粉末制备中有着较为广泛的应用。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;目前而言，国内PREP制粉技术已取得长足进步，工艺技术日趋成熟，制备金属粉末其球形度可高达99.6％且无“卫星粉”和异形粉，粉末制备中无“伞效应”产生，粉末粒径较窄，在50～125μｍ的粉末占比超过70％，且最大粒径不超过300μｍ，粉末表面光滑，氧的质量分数低且不超过0.055％，流动性良好松装密度较高，完全满足３Ｄ打印对粉末的工艺要求，随着PREP技术的不断发展已可以满足科研和批量生产需求，但核心技术仍与国外水平存在差距，细粉收得率仍显不足，成本相对较高。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;3 等离子球化法（PA）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;球化法主要是对破碎法和理化法生产的不规则粉体进行球化处理，是获得致密球形颗粒的最有效手段之一。其原理是利用温度高、能源密度大的热源 ( 等离子) ，将粉末颗粒迅速加热熔化，并在其表面张力作用下缩聚成球形液滴，进入冷却室后快速冷却而得到球形粉末。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;目前，球化法制备工艺主要分为射频离子球化法和激光球化法两种。由于初始粉体会产生一定的团聚现象，在球化过程中会使其整体熔融，导致制备的球形金属粉末粒度增大。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; &lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2021/07/07/154603_110828_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;500&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;图3 球化法处理前后的氢化钛粉末SEM照片&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;等离子球化法制备的粉末多为近球形，粉末中无空心球粉但表面粘附有少量细小“卫星粉”，流动性稍差，粉末粒度则主要分布在20.7～45.4μｍ，细粉收得率可达60％～70％，适于粉末的大批量生产；但由于通常采用丝材雾化制粉，要求原材料具有良好的加工性能，制约了难变形合金粉末的制备，同时成本较高。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;PA法中采用较多的是射频等离子球化法（RFP），可将不规则的粉末颗粒由携带气体通过加料枪喷入等离子体炬中，高温等离子体使粉末迅速吸热熔化，在表面张力的作用下形成球状液滴，并在极短的时间内骤冷凝固，最终达到对异形粉的“整形”得到球形粉末。利用RFP法制备球形粉末通常具有工艺简单、粉末粒度细小、球形度高、纯度高、流动性良好等优点，但球化后的粉末通常需要二次筛分，效率有待提高。目前，已成功对Ti、Ｃu、Ｎi、Ｗ、Ｔa、Ｍo等金属粉末实现球化处理。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;表１为EIGA、PREP及PA法制备TC4合金粉末的工艺性能对比。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2021/07/07/154625_194697_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;564&quot; height=&quot;152&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle; width: 564px; height: 152px;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;随着金属 3D 打印产业的日新月异，3D打印金属粉末制备技术也将进一步完善及产业化。针对 3D 打印对金属粉末性能要求的严格性，目前国内具备一定的生产能力，可以实现一定规模化生产，但仍存在工艺稳定性问题，高端 3D 打印用金属基粉末基本依赖进口，为此，我国应加大技术投入，借鉴成熟的研发经验，自主研发新技术新工艺，促进 3D 打印用金属粉末制备技术的发展和进步。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Fri, 04 Sep 2026 16:29:18 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>钇稳定锆</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1661.html</link><description>&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;✅钇稳定氧化锆（YSZ，俗称钇稳定锆）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;定义&lt;/span&gt;：在二氧化锆（ZrO₂）中掺入 ** 氧化钇 (Y₂O₃)** 形成固溶体，抑制纯氧化锆冷热循环时的晶型转变与体积突变开裂，是最主流的高性能氧化锆陶瓷材料。&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;image&quot; width=&quot;256&quot; height=&quot;192&quot; src=&quot;https://p6-flow-imagex-sign.byteimg.com/labis/image/68d70abcf70a78cd60b3a2fb592367c1~tplv-a9rns2rl98-pc_smart_face_crop-v1:512:384.image?lk3s=8e244e95&amp;amp;rcl=20260903164853E1C82A9163CC1BB9C325&amp;amp;rrcfp=cee388b0&amp;amp;x-expires=2103785341&amp;amp;x-signature=bnpxv3rYdeXfLNfJuOem6Q7Ev3Q%3D&quot; style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;YSZ粉体&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;纯 ZrO₂降温会从四方相→单斜相，体积膨胀约 4%，极易碎裂；加入 Y₂O₃后产生氧空位，稳定晶体结构&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;一、主流牌号（按氧化钇摩尔含量）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;3YSZ（3Y‑TZP，四方多晶氧化锆）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;主晶相：四方相，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;部分稳定&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;特点：抗弯强度、断裂韧性最高，耐磨抗冲击；透光一般；存在低温老化风险（潮湿环境长期使用缓慢降解）&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;用途：牙科牙冠 / 种植基台、耐磨珠、喷嘴、拉丝模、刀具、轴承结构件&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;5YSZ&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;四方 + 少量立方相，性能介于 3Y 与 8Y 之间&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;兼顾韧性与离子电导，多用于中等温度氧传感器、复合陶瓷&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;8YSZ（8Y‑FSZ，全稳定立方相）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;主晶相：立方萤石结构，完全稳定&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;特点：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;高温氧离子导电性最优、热导率低、隔热好&lt;/span&gt;，力学韧性低于 3YSZ&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;用途：SOFC 固体氧化物燃料电池电解质、航空发动机热障涂层、氧探头、高温耐火件&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;二、核心性能&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;熔点≈2700℃，耐高温，抗热震&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;化学惰性强，耐酸碱腐蚀&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;低热导率，优良隔热性能&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;8YSZ 在 600–1000℃具备显著氧离子导电特性（电化学核心价值）&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;3YSZ 断裂韧性可达 8–10 MPa・m¹/²，远高于氧化铝陶瓷&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;缺点：3YSZ 低温时效老化；粉体与成品价格偏高；精密加工难度大&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;image&quot; width=&quot;256&quot; height=&quot;192&quot; src=&quot;https://p3-flow-imagex-sign.byteimg.com/labis/image/2b355c198f87db9d48385e00bdb1c700~tplv-a9rns2rl98-pc_smart_face_crop-v1:512:384.image?lk3s=8e244e95&amp;amp;rcl=20260903164853E1C82A9163CC1BB9C325&amp;amp;rrcfp=cee388b0&amp;amp;x-expires=2103785350&amp;amp;x-signature=8Uh6zNcH3ykkdz41rSd1byv07P0%3D&quot; style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;YSZ陶瓷环&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;image&quot; width=&quot;256&quot; height=&quot;192&quot; src=&quot;https://p6-flow-imagex-sign.byteimg.com/labis/image/ac435788fd5d5650339e883c7689c6a7~tplv-a9rns2rl98-pc_smart_face_crop-v1:512:384.image?lk3s=8e244e95&amp;amp;rcl=20260903164853E1C82A9163CC1BB9C325&amp;amp;rrcfp=cee388b0&amp;amp;x-expires=2103785350&amp;amp;x-signature=Z%2B%2BiNKpQ303i1dRTJE7VniB10EA%3D&quot; style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;YSZ电解质薄片&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;三、主要应用领域&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;能源电化学（8YSZ 为主）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;固体氧化物燃料电池 SOFC 电解质、高温氧传感器、氧探头、高纯氧膜&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;航空 / 热障涂层（球形 8YSZ 喷涂粉）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;燃气轮机、航空发动机叶片隔热涂层，降低基体温度，提高使用温度&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;生物医疗（3YSZ）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;牙科修复体、种植体基台、骨科植入件（生物相容性良好）&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;耐磨结构陶瓷（3YSZ）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;研磨珠、陶瓷柱塞、阀门密封件、喷嘴、刀具、光纤陶瓷插芯&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;耐火材料&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;高温坩埚、冶金定径水口、高温窑具&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;四、常见形态&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;纳米 / 微米粉体、造粒干压粉、等离子喷涂球形粉、流延薄片、陶瓷棒 / 管 / 环、烧结成品件&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 16:49:43 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>稀土氟化 vs 稀土氧化：本质、产物、工艺、用途区别</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1660.html</link><description>&lt;h1 style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氟化 vs 稀土氧化：本质、产物、工艺、用途区别&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;一、核心定义&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氧化&lt;/span&gt;：稀土和氧结合，生成&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氧化物（RE₂O₃、REO₂等）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氟化&lt;/span&gt;：稀土和氟结合，生成&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氟化物（REF₃、REF₄等）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;二者属于两种不同稀土化合物，晶体结构、理化性质、下游路线完全不一样；氧化是&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氧阴离子体系&lt;/span&gt;，氟化是&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氟阴离子体系&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;二、主要产物与基础性质对比&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;✅稀土氧化物（氧化产物）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;常见：La₂O₃、CeO₂、Nd₂O₃、Dy₂O₃、Tb₄O₇&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;熔点&lt;/span&gt;：普遍很高，大多 2200～2500℃&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;水溶性&lt;/span&gt;：几乎不溶于水；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;可溶于强酸&lt;/span&gt;，和盐酸、硝酸反应生成稀土盐&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稳定性&lt;/span&gt;：空气中稳定，但部分轻稀土氧化物容易吸潮、吸收 CO₂变成碳酸盐&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;晶体&lt;/span&gt;：多为立方 / 六方氧化物结构&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;✅稀土氟化物（氟化产物）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;常见：LaF₃、NdF₃、DyF₃、CeF₃&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;熔点&lt;/span&gt;：远低于对应氧化物，约 1100～1500℃&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;水溶性&lt;/span&gt;：难溶于水；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;耐酸，稀酸很难溶解&lt;/span&gt;，化学惰性更强&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稳定性&lt;/span&gt;：抗氧化、耐高温、不易水解，高温下挥发性适中&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;晶体&lt;/span&gt;：萤石型、六方氟化物结构，具有光学透光特性&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;三、制备工艺区别&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;1、氧化工艺&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;主流两条路线：&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;稀土溶液（氯化稀土 / 硝酸稀土）加沉淀剂（草酸、碳酸氢铵）→&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土草酸盐 / 碳酸盐沉淀&lt;/span&gt;→&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;高温煅烧（800–1000℃）分解得到氧化物&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;直接焙烧稀土盐热分解氧化&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;特点：工艺成熟、成本偏低，是稀土最基础中间品，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;国内稀土分离厂最常见产品&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;2、氟化工艺&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;一般以稀土氧化物 / 稀土氯化物为原料，和氟化剂反应：&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;氧化物 + HF 气体 / 氟化铵→稀土氟化物&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;氯化稀土溶液 + 氟化铵沉淀→REF₃&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;不能简单煅烧得到，必须引入氟源；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;成本高于氧化物，属于深加工产品&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;四、下游应用最大差异（重点）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;?稀土氧化物（氧化产物）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;抛光粉（氧化铈）&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;陶瓷、玻璃脱色 / 着色、陶瓷稳定剂&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;催化剂（汽车三效催化剂、石油催化）&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;制备稀土金属&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;中间原料之一（不是直接电解原料）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;荧光粉、锂电池掺杂、耐火材料&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氧化物&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;不能直接用于熔盐电解生产稀土金属&lt;/span&gt;，高温下在氟盐熔池中溶解性很差&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;?稀土氟化物（氟化产物）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;熔盐电解法生产稀土金属 / 合金的核心原料&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;工业主流：REF₃+LiF 熔盐体系电解，氧化物溶解度太低，无法直接电解；想要做金属钕、镝、铽，通常先做成氟化物&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;光学材料、红外窗口、镀膜&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;氟化镧、氟化钇：红外透光、低折射率，镜头镀膜、闪烁晶体&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;电弧碳棒、冶金添加剂、镁铝合金细化剂&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;特种固体润滑剂、耐高温涂层&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;一句话记住：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氧化物多用于抛光、催化、陶瓷；氟化物主要用来电解冶炼稀土金属以及光学镀膜&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;五、优缺点总结&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;稀土氧化物&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;✅优点：制备简单、价格便宜、产量大，易溶于酸便于再次提纯&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;❌缺点：熔点极高，不能直接电解制金属，轻稀土氧化物易吸碳受潮&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;稀土氟化物&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;✅优点：高温稳定、耐腐蚀、熔盐中可溶解，适合电解炼金属，红外透光性能优异&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;❌缺点：氟化工序复杂，含氟废水废气环保压力大，生产成本更高，稀酸难溶解，后续湿法再提纯困难&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;六、一条完整稀土产业链顺序便于理解&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土矿→萃取分离→&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氯化稀土&lt;/span&gt;→&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;路线 A：沉淀煅烧 →&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氧化物&lt;/span&gt;（抛光 / 催化 / 陶瓷）&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;路线 B：氧化物再氟化 →&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土氟化物&lt;/span&gt;→熔盐电解→&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;稀土金属 / 合金（永磁合金、储氢合金原料）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;七、容易混淆的两点补充&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氟化≠氧化&lt;/span&gt;，二者互不包含；可以先氧化再氟化（工业主流），很少反过来&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;还有&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;氟氧化物 REOF&lt;/span&gt;（部分氟化 + 部分氧化），属于中间产物，多用于荧光粉，和纯氟化物、纯氧化物又不一样&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Wed, 02 Sep 2026 16:51:59 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>设备加工工艺--平缝焊接</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1659.html</link><description>&lt;h1 style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;设备制造工艺｜平缝焊接（压平缝焊 / 平行缝焊，区分两个概念）&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;行业里有两种叫法容易混淆：&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1）&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;压平缝焊（电阻滚压平缝焊）&lt;/span&gt;：薄板搭接滚焊，焊后接头被压平，属于&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;电阻缝焊&lt;/span&gt;；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;2）&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;平行缝焊（平行封焊）&lt;/span&gt;：微电子壳体气密封焊，双滚轮脉冲电阻焊；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;另外不要和 ** 平焊位置（1G，熔焊平躺施焊）** 混淆。下面从设备制造应用角度完整介绍。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;一、压平缝焊（通用钣金 / 容器设备，最常说的平缝焊接）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;1. 工艺原理&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;属于&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;电阻缝焊&lt;/span&gt;，采用一对滚轮电极，两块薄板少量搭接（搭接量仅板厚 1～1.5 倍），滚轮加压并通断续脉冲电流，依靠接触面电阻热形成相互重叠的熔核；同时滚轮持续滚压，把搭接凸起压平，焊完接头厚度仅为母材 1.2～1.5 倍，表面平整光滑，近似对接外观&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); font-variant-num d: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);&quot;&gt;抖音百科&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;和普通搭接缝焊区别：普通搭接缝焊搭接宽、焊后保留台阶；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;压平缝焊搭接窄、焊后压平&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;2. 适用工件与材料&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;典型设备零件：油箱、水箱、储气薄壳、不锈钢腔体、除尘设备薄板筒体、管道薄壁筒纵缝、金属机箱外壳&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;材质：低碳钢、不锈钢、镀锌薄板；板材厚度&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;0.5～2.5mm 薄板为主&lt;/span&gt;，厚板不适合&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;接头形式：薄板搭接压平接头，追求外观平整 + 气密性&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;3. 标准工艺流程&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;焊前预处理&lt;/span&gt;：去除焊缝区域油污、氧化皮、镀层粉尘；镀锌板要清理锌灰，避免裂纹、气孔；板材校平，控制错边。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;工装定位&lt;/span&gt;：专用夹具压紧，保证搭接宽度均匀、无间隙、无翘曲；长直缝采用铜衬垫支撑背面，防止烧穿。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;参数试焊&lt;/span&gt;：先做试样，确定电极压力、脉冲电流、通电 / 休止时间、滚轮行走速度；气密件熔核重叠量≥15%～20%，焊透率控制在 30%～50%，不要过度熔深。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;连续滚压焊接&lt;/span&gt;：滚轮匀速前进，脉冲断续通电，熔核连续搭接形成密封焊缝，同时滚轮完成压实。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;焊后检验&lt;/span&gt;：外观检查压痕、烧穿、裂纹；气密件做气压 / 渗漏试验；重要设备增加金相、强度抽检。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;4. 工艺优缺点&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;✅优点&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1. 焊缝连续、密封性好，适合承压、防渗设备壳体；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;2. 焊后表面平整，减少后续打磨，钣金外观质量高；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;3. 自动化程度高，直缝、环缝可连续生产，效率远高于点焊；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;4. 不需要焊丝、保护气体，成本低。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;❌缺点&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1. 仅限薄板，厚板无法压平；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;2. 镀锌板容易产生锌致脆裂纹，工艺窗口窄；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;3. 滚轮电极易磨损、粘渣，需要定期修整；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;4. 大电流分流明显，工装设计不合理会出现虚焊、断续熔核。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;5. 常见缺陷与对策&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num t d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;表格&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot;firstRow&quot;&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;缺陷&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;产生原因&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;解决措施&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;焊缝漏气、断续虚焊&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;电流偏小、压力不稳、速度过快、表面脏污&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;增大电流，降低行走速度，严格清理工件，稳定电极压力&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;压痕过深、烧穿&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;电流过大、压力不足、板材过薄&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;减小电流，加大滚轮压力，增加背面铜衬垫&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;表面裂纹（镀锌板多见）&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;锌层熔化渗入晶界，热应力大&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;降低焊透率，强烈水冷，选用窄脉冲参数&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;滚轮粘金属、焊缝毛刺&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;电极材质差、冷却不足、表面粗糙&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;铬锆铜滚轮，强制水冷，定期修磨滚轮&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;二、平行缝焊（平行封焊，精密仪器 / 半导体设备壳体）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;很多设备厂家文档简称 “平缝焊”，是&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;精密气密封装专用工艺&lt;/span&gt;，不属于钣金滚焊&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;1. 原理&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;两只锥形滚轮电极沿金属盖板两条边缘同步滚动，通入高频脉冲电流；电流在盖板与管壳封环接触处产生局部焦耳热，形成一连串重叠焊点，构成连续气密焊缝；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;整体工件温升低（200～300℃），热冲击很小&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;2. 典型应用&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;电子设备金属 / 陶瓷管壳、光电器件、传感器壳体、航空仪器气密外壳。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;3. 工艺要点&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;1. 工件提前真空烘焙除水汽，在氮气 / 真空手套箱内焊接，控制水氧含量；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;2.CCD 视觉定位，电极行走精度≤0.03mm；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;3. 脉冲波形、滚轮压力、步距严格闭环控制；&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;4. 焊后必须做氦检漏、PIND 颗粒检测，保证长期气密性；&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;4. 优缺点&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;✅局部加热、元器件不易过热损坏；焊缝气密性极高；自动化精密定位&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;❌设备昂贵、只适合小型精密封盖，不能用于大型钣金筒体&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;三、容易混淆概念对比（设备选型参考）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;压平缝焊（钣金平缝滚焊）&lt;/span&gt;：大型薄板壳体、水箱油箱、除尘筒体，电阻滚轮滚压，追求平整气密&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;平行缝焊（平行封焊）&lt;/span&gt;：小型精密器件气密封装，双锥轮脉冲焊&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;直缝熔焊（TIG/MIG 纵缝焊机）&lt;/span&gt;：厚板筒体对接，填充焊丝，属于电弧焊，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;不是平缝焊&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;平焊位置 1G&lt;/span&gt;：只是施焊姿态，不是一种焊接工艺&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;四、设备制造选型建议&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;1. 大型薄板箱体、不锈钢薄壁筒、防渗承压薄板件 → &lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;压平缝焊（电阻滚平缝焊）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;2. 精密电子、传感器、仪器金属外壳高气密封装 → &lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;平行缝焊（平行封焊）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;3. 板厚＞3mm、承压压力容器主纵缝 → 选用 TIG/MIG 直缝对接熔焊，不适合平缝滚焊&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 16:42:35 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>什么是 “万能‑二氧化硅”</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1658.html</link><description>&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;什么是 “万能‑二氧化硅”&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;行业俗称&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;万能添加剂 = 气相二氧化硅（气相白炭黑，Fumed Silica）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;image&quot; width=&quot;256&quot; height=&quot;192&quot; src=&quot;https://p26-flow-imagex-sign.byteimg.com/labis/image/876107fa40de0a7a101d31d75af35cb1~tplv-a9rns2rl98-pc_smart_face_crop-v1:512:384.image?lk3s=8e244e95&amp;amp;rcl=202608311647403567E6CEBB4B1B8454C7&amp;amp;rrcfp=cee388b0&amp;amp;x-expires=2103526068&amp;amp;x-signature=F44UJL893LnxN1jEgoIASK7LGGU%3D&quot; style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气相二氧化硅粉末&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;注意：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;不是普通石英粉、沉淀白炭黑&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;化学式：SiO₂，无定形纳米粉体&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;原生粒径：7～40 nm，比表面积 100–400 m²/g&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;分两类：&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;亲水型（未改性）、疏水型（硅烷表面改性，溶剂胶 / 有机体系首选）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;叫它 “万能”，是因为少量添加即可同时实现&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;触变、增稠、防沉降、补强、耐磨、消光&lt;/span&gt;多种功能，是高分子材料里著名的 “工业味精”&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;?核心原理（氢键三维网状结构）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;颗粒表面带有大量硅羟基 Si‑OH，分散在树脂 / 胶水内部形成可逆氢键网络：&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;静止时&lt;/span&gt;：网络完整→粘度高，不流淌、填料不沉淀&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;搅拌 / 刮涂（剪切）&lt;/span&gt;：网络打散→变稀，流动性变好&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;施工完成静置&lt;/span&gt;：网络快速重建→再次变稠，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;防流挂&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;该特性称为&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;触变性&lt;/span&gt;，是气相二氧化硅最独特价值&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;?放到万能胶（氯丁 / SBS 溶剂胶）里起什么作用&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;万能胶配方一般：橡胶 + 树脂 + 溶剂 +&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气相二氧化硅（少量添加，通常 2%–5%）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;流变控制，防流挂&lt;/span&gt;：厚涂不会往下淌，适合刷涂、辊涂&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;防填料沉降&lt;/span&gt;：储存期间粉体沉淀分层问题明显改善&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;补强增韧&lt;/span&gt;：固化后纳米颗粒如同微型钢筋，提升胶层内聚力、撕裂强度、耐磨性、耐老化，减少高温软化脱胶现象&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;调节稠度&lt;/span&gt;：不用大量填充重钙，就能提高膏体稠度，不严重降低透明度&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;⚠️添加过多会：难分散、体系发脆、流动性变差、粘接强度下降&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;?气相二氧化硅 VS 沉淀白炭黑 VS 石英粉&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num t d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;表格&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot;firstRow&quot;&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;品种&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;特点&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;定位&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;万能胶适用性&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气相二氧化硅（气硅）&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;纳米级、高比表面积、强触变、补强好、价格贵&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;多功能流变 / 补强助剂&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;✅首选（疏水型适配溶剂万能胶）&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;沉淀白炭黑&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;粒径更大，比表面积低，触变弱，价格中等&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;橡胶补强填料&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;一般，流变效果差&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;石英粉 / 结晶二氧化硅&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;粗颗粒，无触变性，只增稠降成本&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;廉价填充料&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;❌不能实现防流挂、纳米补强&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;?其它典型应用（为什么叫万能粉体）&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;硅橡胶、MS 改性硅烷胶、环氧胶、涂料、油墨、塑料、锂电池、化妆品、消泡剂、粉末防结块剂等几十类材料都在用&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;⚠️使用要点&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;分散是关键&lt;/span&gt;：需要高速剪切分散，简单搅拌团聚严重，性能大打折扣&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;选型&lt;/span&gt;：溶剂型万能胶优先&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;疏水型气相二氧化硅&lt;/span&gt;；水性体系选亲水型&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;添加量很低&lt;/span&gt;，一般不超过 5%，属于助剂，不是主料&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;和你前面问的&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;万能胶本身要区分开&lt;/span&gt;：万能胶是成品胶水；气相二氧化硅是一种多功能粉体添加剂，经常作为原料加入万能胶配方里，二者不是同一种东西&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 16:48:18 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>钙钛矿型固体锂离子电解质</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1657.html</link><description>&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;锂离子电池广泛用于电动汽车，便携式电子设备等。目前使用的电解质是有机液体材料，但存在易燃且易挥发的安全问题。无机固体锂离子电解质具有能量密度高、使用寿命长、功率大、安全性高、无污染等优点，是传统有机液体电解质的良好替代品。其中，钙钛矿型锂离子电解质具有高的晶粒导电性和良好的化学稳定性，在全固态锂离子电池中显示出巨大的潜在应用。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;钙钛矿型固态锂离子电解质（LLTO）晶体结构&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;一般将碱土金属的钛酸盐称为钙钛矿ATiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;(A=Ca、Sr、Ba)，通式可写为ABO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;。1987年Brous等人首次通过三价稀土离子La&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;3+&lt;/span&gt;和一价碱土阳离子（Li&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;、Na&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;、K&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;）共同取代A位的碱土离子合成钙钛矿结构的Li&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt;La&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;0.5&lt;/span&gt;TiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;ABO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;型简单立方钙钛矿型结构由一系列共有的氧八面体排列而成，化合价较高而半径较小的B位离子位于氧八面体的中心，如Ti、Sn、Zr、Nb、Ta、W等，而在氧八面体内，则为大半径、低电价、配位数为12的A位离子，如Na、K、Rb、Ca、Sr、Ba、Pb等。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2021/01/25/084707_798004_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;550&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;LLTO晶体结构&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;在LLTO的晶体结构中(如上图所示)，LLTO属于立方晶系，空间群为Pm&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;-3&lt;/span&gt;m。钛离子和氧离子构成TiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;八面体结构，锂离子和镧离子位于八个共顶连接的TiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;6&lt;/span&gt;八面体形成的间隙中，Li&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;离子周围有12个O&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;2-&lt;/span&gt;离子。从结构的观点来看，离子电导率主要取决于A位阳离子的大小，锂离子和空位浓度。在LLTO中，锂离子在骨架中通过离子—空位跃迁机制迁移；锂离子跃迁过程中，需要通过4个氧形成的四边形间隙，而四边形间隙浓度大小直接影响锂离子的跃迁速率，实验结果显示当x的取值为0.11时，LLTO的骨架结构内锂离子浓度和空位浓度达到最优比，其晶粒电导率最高达1.43×10&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;-3&lt;/span&gt;S/cm。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;钙钛矿型锂离子电解质的制备方法&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;目前，合成LLTO无机固体电解质的方法主要有固相法，溶胶凝胶法以及其他一些方法。在制备LLTO时，应选取适合的方法，合理控制原材料的含量、烧结温度和烧结时间等因素，从而获得结构稳定且电导率较高的电解质。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;1、固相法&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;该方法是将原料试剂按照化学计量比用天平进行称量，利用粉碎、球磨等方法将其混合在一起形成粉末，然后对粉末进行煅烧，再经过高温烧结得到钙钛矿型氧化物。该方法的优点是原理简单、成本较低、实际操作简便等；缺点是锻烧温度高、时间长、颗粒粗大、不均匀、易团聚、易混入杂质等而导致样品性能较差。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;2、溶胶凝胶法&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;溶胶-凝胶技术是当前制备纳米级材料的一种主要方法，是将金属有机物或无机物经过溶液、溶胶、凝胶，再经过热处理形成纳米粉体的方法。该方法的优点是：反应在溶液中进行，均匀度高，对多组分体系其均匀度可达分子或原子级；煅烧温度大大降低，可以在较低烧结温度下得到纳米粉体；可以准确控制化学计量比，从而控制材料微观结构及性质。但缺点是原材料成本较高、不适合大规模生产。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;3、其他方法&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;制备LLTO的方法还有共沉淀法、溶胶凝胶-低温燃烧法等。如有研究者通过共沉淀法合成了LLTO/SiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;复合陶瓷，研究结果表明SiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;分布在晶界中且在晶界形成了一些非晶硅酸锂，因此总离子电导率从理论上来说在30℃时可以提高到达到约10&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;-4&lt;/span&gt;S/cm。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;钙钛矿型锂离子电解质的掺杂改性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;虽然Li&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;x&lt;/span&gt;La&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;2/3-x&lt;/span&gt;TiO&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;具有较高的晶粒电导率，但是仍然存在着很多问题。比如在合成过程中，由于高温导致Li&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;O的损失，所以较难控制最后得到产物的组分，不易得到较高的电导率；而且由于其具有较高的界面电阻，材料的晶界电导率较低。大量研究者通过改变晶体结构以及将不同物质与之掺杂这两方面来提高LLTO的离子电导率。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;1、晶体结构的掺杂改性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;钙钛矿型LLTO中A位和B位取代的各种构型总结如下：（i）其他镧系元素（Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Y）离子对La离子的A位取代；（ii）其他碱（Na、K），碱土（Sr、Ba）和Ag离子对Li离子的A位取代；（iii）Ti离子被三价，四价，五价和六价离子的B位取代；（iv）A位和B位点的共同置换。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;2、与不同物质混合的掺杂改性&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;与固体无机电解质的混合可以使LLTO的锂浓度增加从而会影响电导率，也可增强可烧结性能，还可提高致密性。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-indent: 2em; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;LLTO具有较高的晶粒电导率，与电极材料具有较好的相容性，备受广大研究者的追捧，在未来的全固态锂离子电池和锂空气电池中具有较好的应用前景。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 13:12:13 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>三元锂离子电池的三元材料介绍</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1656.html</link><description>&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt; 三元锂离子电池能量密度高、循环寿命长、不惧低温；高温下稳定不足。能量密度可达最高，但高温性相对较差，关于续航里程有要求的纯电动汽车，其是主流方向，且适合北方天气，低温时电池更加稳定。特斯拉公布的Model3，即采用松下的21700型三元圆柱形电池。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;缺点就是三元材料的脱氧温度是200℃，并且无法通过针刺实验，表明三元电池在内部短路、电池外壳损坏的情况下，容易引发燃烧、爆炸等安全事故。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;三元锂离子电池到底是哪三元？三元锂离子电池的“三元”指的是包含镍（Ni）、钴（Co）、锰（Mn）或铝（Al）三种金属元素的聚合物，在三元锂离子电池中做正极。三者缺一不可，在电池内部发挥巨大的用途。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;镍：重要用途是提升电池的体积能量密度，是提升续航里程的重要突破口，但含量过多会导致镍离子占据锂离子位置（镍氢混排），导致容量下降。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;钴：抑制阳离子的混排，用以提升稳定性和延长电池的寿命，此外，也决定了电池的充放电速度和效率（倍率性能），但过高的钴含量会导致实际容量降低。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;铝或锰：钴是十分昂贵的稀有金属成本高昂，锰或铝的用途在于降低正极材料成本，同时提升电池的安全性和稳定性。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;为了提高三元锂离子电池的容量，就要提高正极中镍的比例。所以镍的比例在不断提高，从早期的NCM111，到近两年的NCM523、NCM611，再到今年纷纷上马的NCM811，电池能量密度越来越大，镍用得也是越来越生猛。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;镍用得多，钴和锰的比例必然会减少。电池的寿命和稳定性是不是会受影响？理论上会，但现在三元锂离子电池主角无疑就是“高镍”的三元锂离子电池。这一方面是政策原因，续航里程长、电池能量密度高的电动汽车，能拿到的财政补贴就多；另一方面是各汽车厂商要抢风头，搞续航里程竞赛，好像谁家的车续航长，谁家的技术就先进。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;随着补贴政策的“退坡”和退出，三元锂离子电池的“高镍”冲动可能会冷静一下。而随着磷酸铁锂技术的进步，与三元锂互争雄长也在意料之中。比亚迪八月份透露，将推出的全新一代铁锂离子电池，体积比能量密度将提升50%，寿命长达8年120万公里，成本还可以节约30%。有分析说，磷酸铁锂的能量密度有望与622三元锂离子电池媲美，诚如此，再有安全性好、寿命长、成本低的加持，磷酸铁锂离子电池未尝不会再回舞台中央。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75em;&quot;&gt;磷酸铁锂离子电池和三元锂离子电池，不能简单说哪种好，只能说各擅胜场。磷酸铁锂离子电池胜在寿命长、安全性好、成本低，但能量密度和低温性能稍逊；三元锂离子电池胜在能量密度大，存电多，但安全性和寿命稍逊。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 16:17:41 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>一分钟搞清石墨负极材料的10个核心性能指标-沈阳佳美机械-贾工18540392125</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1655.html</link><description>&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;石墨负极材料的技术指标众多，且难以兼顾，主要包括比表面积、粒度分布、振实密度、压实密度、真密度、首次充放电比容量、首次效率等。除此之外，还有电化学指标如循环性能、倍率性能、膨胀等等。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;来自鞍钢化学科技有限公司的研究人员综述了石墨负极材料的核心性能指标对其性能的影响。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;比表面积&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;指单位质量物体具有的表面积，颗粒越小，比表面积就会越大。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;小颗粒、高比表面积的负极，锂离子迁移的通道更多、路径更短，倍率性能就比较好，但由于与电解液接触面积大，形成SEI膜的面积也大，首次效率也会变低。大颗粒则相反，优点是压实密度更大。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;石墨负极材料的比表面积小于5m&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; font-size: 10.5px; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em;&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;/g为宜。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;粒度分布&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;石墨负极材料的粒度对其电化学性能的影响表现在负极材料粒度大小将直接影响材料的振实密度以及材料的比表面积。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;振实密度的大小将直接影响材料的体积能量密度，合适的材料粒度分布才可以最大限度的发挥材料的性能。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2022/09/15/171337_023478_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;石墨负极材料标准中的粒度分布&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2022/09/15/171352_982791_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;振实密度&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;振实密度是依靠震动使得粉体呈现较为紧密的堆积形式下，所测得的单位容积的质量。它是衡量活性材料的一个重要指标，锂离子电池体积是有限的，若振实密度高，则单位体积的活性物质质量大，体积容量就高。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;压实密度&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;压实密度主要针对极片，指负极活性物质和粘结剂等制成极片后，经过辊压后的密度，压实密度=面密度/(极片碾压后的厚度减去铜箔厚度)。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;压实密度与片比容量、效率、内阻以及电池循环性能有密切关系。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br style='box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);'&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2022/09/15/171412_483925_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;压实密度的影响因素：颗粒的大小、分布和形貌都有影响。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;真密度&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;材料在绝对密实状态下（不包括内部空隙），单位体积内固体物质的重量。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;由于真密度是密实状态下测得，会高于振实密度。一般地，真密度＞压实密度＞振实密度。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;石墨负极材料标准中的密度要求&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2022/09/15/171450_028556_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;首次充放电比容量&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;石墨负极材料在最初的充放电循环中存在不可逆容量，在锂离子电池的首次充电过程中，负极材料表面随着锂离子的嵌入，电解液中的溶剂分子共嵌，在负极材料表面分解形成SEI钝化膜。只有在负极表面完全被SEI膜覆盖后，溶剂分子不能嵌入，反应才得以停止。产生SEI膜要消耗一部分锂离子，这部分锂离子不能在放电过程中由负极表面脱出，因此造成不可逆容量损失，从而降低了第一次放电比容量。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;首次库伦效率&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;评价一种负极材料性能优劣的一个重要指标就是其首次充放电效率，也称首次库伦效率。首次库伦效率直接决定电极材料的使用性能。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://xue.cnpowder.com.cn/img/daily/2022/09/15/171517_822029_newsimg_news.png&quot; width=&quot;590&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px; vertical-align: middle;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;由于SEI膜大多是在电极材料的表面形成，所以电极材料的比表面积直接影响SEI膜的形成面积，比表面积越大，与电解液接触面积也越大，形成SEI膜面积也越大。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;一般认为，形成稳定的SEI膜对电池的充放电是有利的，那种不稳定的SEI膜对反应是不利的，会不断消耗电解液，加厚SEI膜的厚度，增大内阻。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;循环性能&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;电池循环性能是指电池容量下降到某一规定的值时，电池在某一充放电制度下所经历的充放电次数。在循环性能方面，SEI膜会对锂离子的扩散有一定的阻碍作用，随着循环次数的增加，SEI膜会不断脱落、剥离、沉积在负极表面，导致负极的内阻逐渐增加，带来热累积和容量损失。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;膨胀&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;膨胀和循环寿命是正相关的关系，负极膨胀后，第一，会造成卷芯变形，负极颗粒形成微裂纹，SEI膜破裂重组，消耗电解液，循环性能变差；第二，会使隔膜受到挤压、尤其极耳直角边缘处对隔膜的挤压较严重，极易随着充放电循环的进行引起微短路或微金属锂析出。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;就膨胀本身来说，石墨嵌锂过程中锂离子会嵌入石墨层间距里，导致层间距扩张、体积增大，这种膨胀部分是不可恢复的。膨胀的多少与负极的取向度有关，取向度=I004/I110，通过XRD数据可以计算出来。各向异性的石墨材料在嵌锂过程中倾向于往同一个方向（石墨晶体的C轴方向）发生晶格膨胀，因此将导致电池发生较大的体积膨胀。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; color: #C00000;&quot;&gt;倍率性能&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;锂离子在石墨负极材料中的扩散具有很强的方向性，即它只能垂直于石墨晶体C轴方面的端面进行插入。小颗粒、高比表面积的负极材料的倍率性能较好。另外，电极表面电阻（SEI膜带来）和电极导电性也影响倍率性能。&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;br style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;box-sizing: bord d-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 1.75em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em;&quot;&gt;与循环寿命和膨胀相同，各向同性的负极，锂离子传输通道多，解决了各向异性结构中嵌入脱出的入口少、扩散速率低的问题，对大电流充放电也有作用，因此，石墨负极材料多采用造粒、包覆等工艺技术来提高其倍率性能。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;                                                                                                                                          沈阳佳美-贾工18540392125&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 16:17:01 +0800</pubDate></item><item><title>气振和气锤的对比</title><link>http://www.jm-powder.com/post/1654.html</link><description>&lt;h1 style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气振（气动振动器）VS 气锤（气动敲击锤）&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;没有绝对谁更好，原理完全不一样，看物料、料仓壁厚、堵料形式选型。&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;image&quot; width=&quot;256&quot; height=&quot;192&quot; src=&quot;https://p11-flow-imagex-sign.byteimg.com/isp-i18n-media/image/239a4523a1ff8c0d044e5d01b8f1b2ab~tplv-be4g95zd3a-448x448.jpeg?lk3s=8e244e95&amp;amp;rcl=202608281558130EB78F43027E5D7F8494&amp;amp;rrcfp=2033b573&amp;amp;x-expires=1788508693&amp;amp;x-signature=ubc73VTRLAEoXm0cT5ZdekG3nYc%3D&quot; style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.54), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)); background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气振气锤原理示意&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;核心区别&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;气振（气动振动器：滚珠 / 涡轮 / 活塞振动器）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;原理&lt;/span&gt;：偏心旋转 / 活塞往复，&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;连续高频微幅振动&lt;/span&gt;，通气就一直震，没有猛烈撞击声。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;出力形式&lt;/span&gt;：持续高频振荡，靠振动波让物料流动，不是 “哐哐敲”。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;优点&lt;/span&gt;：噪音小；可连续长时间工作；对薄料仓、不锈钢薄壁不容易敲变形；安装简单，不需要电磁阀，直接接气源即可；适合细粉、流动性差但不板结的粉料。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;缺点&lt;/span&gt;：单次冲击能量小；对付板结、硬架桥、压实结块效果差；厚大仓体振动传递衰减快。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;适用&lt;/span&gt;：细粉体、轻微粘壁、小型料斗、管道、筛面助流；薄壁不锈钢料仓、塑料料斗。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;气锤（气动敲击锤 / 空气敲击锤）&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;原理&lt;/span&gt;：活塞蓄力后&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;单次猛烈撞击壳体&lt;/span&gt;，敲一下复位，再等下一次触发；需要配电磁阀控制敲击间隔，不能连续不停敲。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;出力形式&lt;/span&gt;：瞬时大冲击力，“哐” 的一声，靠冲击波震掉板结、硬挂料。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;优点&lt;/span&gt;：冲击能量大，对付板结、压实架桥、潮湿结块物料效果强；厚钢板料仓冲击力传得远。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;缺点&lt;/span&gt;：噪音大；&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;严禁长时间连续敲击&lt;/span&gt;，会把薄仓板敲变形、焊口震裂；必须配电磁阀定时敲击；耗气比气振大。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;适用&lt;/span&gt;：容易板结、潮湿压实物料；碳钢厚壁料仓；顽固架桥、大块挂壁堵料；溜槽拐角处。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;简明对比表&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num t d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;表格&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;table&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot;firstRow&quot;&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;项目&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;气振（气动振动器）&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-feature-settings: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-variant-emoji: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: center; flex: 0 1 auto; flex-direction: row; justify-content: normal; align-items: normal; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;气锤（气动敲击锤）&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;工作方式&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;连续高频振动&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;间歇单次冲击敲击&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;控制&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;直通气源，持续工作&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;配电磁阀，定时敲击&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;噪音&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;小&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;大&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;适合仓壁&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;薄壁、不锈钢、塑料&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;厚钢板碳钢仓&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;最佳物料&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;细粉、轻微粘附&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;板结、压实、潮湿结块&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;风险&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;基本不会打坏设备&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;薄壳体易敲变形、震裂焊缝&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;连续运行&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;可以长期连续&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;禁止连续，必须间歇&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;选型怎么选&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;薄壁不锈钢料仓、细粉料、只是下料不畅，没有硬结块 → 选气振&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;比如锂电粉体、滑石粉、碳酸钙等细粉料斗，优先滚珠 / 涡轮振动器。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;物料容易板结压实、潮湿粘壁、经常硬架桥；料仓是厚碳钢 → 选气锤&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;例如矿粉、潮湿粉料，用时间歇敲击，不能一直敲。&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;工况很恶劣：既细粉又容易板结&lt;/span&gt;：可以&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-num d-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;气振 + 气锤组合使用&lt;/span&gt;，气振持续助流，气锤定时敲击破硬结块。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h2 style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-variant-num -bottom: 0px; background: none 0% 0% / auto repeat scroll padding-box border-box rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;常见踩坑提醒&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;font-variant-num d-image: none; background-position: 0% 0%; background-size: auto; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-origin: padding-box; background-clip: border-box;&quot; class=&quot; list-paddingleft-2&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;薄不锈钢料仓不要用大气锤，很容易敲凹、焊缝开裂；&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;气锤不能一直通气连续打，一定要加时间继电器控制间隔（几秒～几十秒敲一次）；&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;p&gt;气振也不是越大越好，振力过大会让物料越震越压实反效果。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description><pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 15:59:27 +0800</pubDate></item></channel></rss>